This ‘intelligence’ is
included in a preserved letter that Nicholas sent to the then Lord Deputy
Sidney, that
‘..he has erected a Castle and town upon the River of Carlingford’.
What 'river of Carlingford' ? The large castle at that town predates Bagenal by centuries as of course does that town.
There is another patent
fallacy! Even a child can tell at a glance that the
Castle pictured above - if Greencastle was meant - is a REAL castle typical of the Anglo-Norman invaders of
three centuries previous, who required such forts to dominate the people they
had conquered.
In any case, here is a short history
of Greencastle.
Greencastle was built by
Hugh de Lacy, almost certainly during the 1230s, to protect the southern
approaches to the Earldom of Ulster. It was escheated to the Crown after 1243,
wrecked by the Irish in 1260 and from 1280 to 1326 was a favoured residence of
the most powerful man in Ireland,
Richard de Burgh, the "Red Earl" of Ulster. His daughters were raised here, including
Elizabeth, who married Robert Bruce, King of Scotland, in 1302 although this
did not dissuade Edward Bruce from sacking it in 1316.
After an unsuccessful
siege in 1333-34, the Irish captured and destroyed the castle in 1343 and 1375.
The royal garrison was reduced in number
c. 1400 as a money-saving measure and amalgamated with Carlingford - directly across the Lough - under one constable.
In 1505 it was granted to
the Earls of Kildare, but after their downfall in 1534 quickly deteriorated
into a "wretched condition".
The place was later taken
by the Bagenals who lived here until 1635.
The descendents of the
original Nicholas were less concerned than he (pretended to be) that his people
in Newry would feel removed from him if he were not resident in the town. That at least had been Bagenal’s excuse when
he was requested to vacate his home to accommodate Queen’s favourite Essex, in Ireland
with a huge army to suppress rebellion.
Bagenal appealed to the
Privy Council against his enforced removal elsewhere:
‘ .. my
own poor state, charged now with a number of young, motherless children, and
having no other place to shroud ourselves in .. our absence would make my neighbours hold me for a stranger and so
neither esteem of me or mine’.
Essex in 1574 wrote several letters to
then Lord Deputy Fitzwilliam complaining of how incommodious were his
apartments at Bagenal’s Newry house.
Greencastle was bombarded
and destroyed by Parliamentary forces in 1652.
The design of Hugh de
Lacy's castle consisted of a quadrilateral curtain wall with a D-shaped tower
at each corner - all now in a very fragmentary state. Excavation of the north-east tower revealed
that it had a residential use, perhaps as de Lacy's private chambers, while the
rather complex south-west tower seems to have had a series of
non-interconnecting rooms, suggesting its use as the private chambers of the de
Lacy household. A massive surrounding
rock-cut ditch was also revealed by excavation; this served as a quarry for the
walls, and judging by the presence of a dam in the east ditch, may have been
intended as a wet moat, though if so, the builders would have been disappointed
for the rock is porous.
The castle's main feature
is a large rectangular block, originally a great hall, raised upon a basement. This was lit by windows on three sides and
probably had a dais at the east end for the high table, as indicated by the
presence here of a high window, a small latrine and a fireplace. At the west end there was evidently a screen
passage with two opposed doors, one giving access to the hall and the other the
kitchens to the north. Steps led down to
the dark basement store, which was later given cross-walls, vaults, gun loops
and a new entrance.
Re-modelling of the hall
in the late fifteenth and mid sixteenth centuries gave it much of its present
keep-like appearance; the walls were raised at the east and west ends, turrets
added at the angles, and a spiral stair, mural passages and wall-walks included.
Only these latter few minor
alterations could possibly be ascribed to the Bagenals.
... more later ...